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We present the results of processing the effects of the powerful gamma-ray burst GRB221009A captured by the charged particle detectors (electrostatic analyzers and solid-state detectors) on board spacecraft at different points in the heliosphere on 2022 October 9. To follow the GRB221009A propagation through the heliosphere, we used the electron and proton flux measurements from solar missions Solar Orbiter and STEREO-A; Earth’s magnetosphere and solar wind missions THEMIS and Wind; meteorological satellites POES15, POES19, and MetOp3; and MAVEN—a NASA mission orbiting Mars. GRB221009A had a structure of four bursts: the less intense Pulse 1—the triggering impulse—was detected by gamma-ray observatories atT₀= 13:16:59 UT (near the Earth); the most intense Pulses 2 and 3 were detected on board all the spacecraft from the list; and Pulse 4 was detected in more than 500 s after Pulse 1. Due to their different scientific objectives, the spacecraft, whose data were used in this study, were separated by more than 1 au (Solar Orbiter and MAVEN). This enabled the tracking of GRB221009A as it was propagating across the heliosphere. STEREO-A was the first to register Pulse 2 and 3 of the GRB, almost 100 s before their detection by spacecraft in the vicinity of Earth. MAVEN detected GRB221009A Pulses 2, 3, and 4 at the orbit of Mars about 237 s after their detection near Earth. By processing the observed time delays, we show that the source location of the GRB221009A was at R.A. 288.°5, decl. 18.°5 ± 2° (J2000).

 

Abstract This letter exploits the radial alignment between the Parker Solar Probe and BepiColombo in late 2022 February, when both spacecraft were within Mercury’s orbit. This allows the study of the turbulent evolution, namely, the change in spectral and intermittency properties, of the same plasma parcel during its expansion from 0.11 to 0.33 au, a still unexplored region. The observational analysis of the solar wind turbulent features at the two different evolution stages is complemented by a theoretical description based on the turbulence transport model equations for nearly incompressible magnetohydrodynamics. The results provide strong evidence that the solar wind turbulence already undergoes significant evolution at distances less than 0.3 au from the Sun, which can be satisfactorily explained as due to evolving slab fluctuations. This work represents a step forward in understanding the processes that control the transition from weak to strong turbulence in the solar wind and in properly modeling the heliosphere.